What type of operation focuses on taking advantage of favorable conditions to achieve a quick victory?

The type of operation that focuses on taking advantage of favorable conditions to achieve a quick victory is known as exploitation. This approach is characterized by its aggressive nature, where forces exploit weaknesses in the enemy's defenses or morale after an initial success. The objective is to maintain momentum, capitalize on opportunities, and hinder the enemy's ability to recover or regroup.

Exploitation maneuvers typically follow a successful offensive action, where the attacking force can continue to press forward while the enemy is disorganized or in retreat. This allows the attacking force to seize territory, disrupt defensive positions, and potentially achieve broader strategic objectives quickly. In contrast to this, other options involve different tactical considerations: retreat is focused on withdrawal from conflict, defense emphasizes holding positions against attacks, and organization pertains to the arrangement and coordination of units rather than an active offensive strategy.